Garrett Joseph Parten

Current agency: Minneapolis Police Dept.Minneapolis, MN

Combined career data aggregated across all known agencies.

1Agencies

--Current Salary

0 / 0Civil Casesactive / total

--Liability Costs

--Arrests

0Reports

Licenses & certification

Licenses issued to this individual by a licensing authority.

Peace Officer

Status: Active
First awarded: Oct 2, 2015
Issued by: MN POST

Education & training

Recorded courses, newest completion dates first.

Use of Force Part 1: Law and Principles

Completed: Dec 26, 2025
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631

MN CIT Mental Health Refresher 2025

Completed: Dec 2, 2025
Credits: 8
Sponsor: MN Crisis Intervention Team (MNCIT) - SP10172

Law Enforcement Mental Health, Suicide Prevention, & Resiliency

Completed: Nov 24, 2025
Credits: 4
Sponsor: Wellness That Fits, LLC - SP10560
Instructor: Mental Wellness Therapy and Consulting, LLC

2025 Use of Force Day 3- Duty to Intervene

Completed: Oct 21, 2025
Credits: 1
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711

2025 Use of Force Day 3

Completed: Oct 21, 2025
Credits: 6
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711

2025 Supervisor Leadership

Completed: Oct 6, 2025
Credits: 8
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711

2025 Use of Force Day 2- Empty Hand Technique

Completed: May 28, 2025
Credits: 3
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Tom Menton, Chad Malmberg

2025 Use of Force Day 2- Taser 10 Transition Course

Completed: May 28, 2025
Credits: 4
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711

2024 Handgun Development

Completed: Apr 23, 2025
Credits: 4
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2025 Use of Force Day 1- Policy Suite Introduction

Completed: Apr 22, 2025
Credits: 1
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Sgt. Mark Hanneman, Officer Dominic Manelli, and Officer Melissa Hansen

2025 Use of Force Day 1- Force Guiding Principles

Completed: Apr 22, 2025
Credits: 1
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Sgt. Mark Hanneman, Officer Dominic Manelli, and Officer Melissa Hansen

2025 Use of Force Day 1

Completed: Apr 22, 2025
Credits: 5
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711

Use of Force Part 2: Law and Principles

Completed: Dec 29, 2024
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

2024 Use of Force- Taser 7 Annual Recertification

Completed: Dec 27, 2024
Credits: 4
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2024 Use of Force- Empty Hand Technique 3

Completed: Dec 27, 2024
Credits: 1
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2024 Use of Force- ABLE Refresher

Completed: Dec 27, 2024
Credits: 1
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

Narcan Carry and Use

Completed: Dec 13, 2024
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

2024 Use of Force- Introduction to Expanding Incidents

Completed: Nov 25, 2024
Credits: 3
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2024 Use of Force- De-Escalation

Completed: Nov 25, 2024
Credits: 1
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2024 Use of Force- Empty Hand Technique 2

Completed: Nov 25, 2024
Credits: 2
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2024 Use of Force- Empty Hand Technique 1

Completed: Nov 25, 2024
Credits: 2
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2024 Engaging with Minors- Classroom

Completed: Oct 3, 2024
Credits: 8
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

8-Hour MH Refresher and Crisis De-Escalation with Scenarios

Completed: Jul 1, 2024
Credits: 8
Sponsor: MN Crisis Intervention Team (MNCIT) - SP10172
Instructor: MN Crisis Intervention Team (MNCIT)

Wellness and Emotional Resilience, Part 1

Completed: Jun 26, 2024
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Transport (72-hour) Holds Update

Completed: Jun 23, 2024
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Implicit Bias Part 1

Completed: Mar 28, 2024
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Mental Health Part 4 - Capstone

Completed: Mar 28, 2024
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Serving Those with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Part 1

Completed: Mar 8, 2024
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Crimes Motivated by Bias

Completed: Mar 8, 2024
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

2024 MPD Handgun, Low Light Patrol Rifle Operator, Back-Up Gun (BUG), and Shotgun Qualification Courses

Completed: Feb 7, 2024
Credits: 1
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

Use of Force Part 3: Readiness

Completed: Dec 1, 2023
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Mental Health Part 3 - Intervention

Completed: Dec 1, 2023
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Use of Force Part 1: Laws and Priciples

Completed: Nov 30, 2023
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Policing Protests

Completed: Nov 30, 2023
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Wellness and Emotional Resilience, Part 1

Completed: Nov 30, 2023
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Use of Force Part 2: Law and Principles

Completed: Nov 30, 2023
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

EVOC

Completed: Nov 7, 2023
Credits: 8
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2023 Taser 7 Recertification Course

Completed: Oct 25, 2023
Credits: 7
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2023 Handgun Development

Completed: Aug 10, 2023
Credits: 6
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

BJA - VALOR - Safer Together - Frontline Officer Workshop

Completed: Jul 20, 2023
Credits: 8
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

Vehicle Impounds and Inventories

Completed: May 12, 2023
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Use of Force Part 3: Readiness

Completed: May 12, 2023
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

2023 Phase 2 In-Service Training

Completed: May 2, 2023
Credits: 7
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2023 Phase 1 In-service

Completed: Mar 2, 2023
Credits: 7
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2023 MPD "Inclement Weather" (IW) -Handgun Qualification Course, Low Light IW Patrol Rifle Operator Qualification Course, Back-Up Gun (BUG) Qualification Course, and Shotgun IW Qualification Course

Completed: Jan 26, 2023
Credits: 1
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2023 Coaching for Performance and Complaint Initiated Coaching Training

Completed: Jan 11, 2023
Credits: 7
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

In-Service Phase 3 Use of Force

Completed: Dec 20, 2022
Credits: 2
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

Use of Force Part 3: Readiness

Completed: Dec 18, 2022
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Vehicle Searches - Update 2022

Completed: Dec 18, 2022
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Use of Force Part 2: Law and Principles

Completed: Dec 15, 2022
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Use of Force Part 1: Laws and Priciples

Completed: Dec 13, 2022
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Duty to Protect

Completed: Dec 7, 2022
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Mental Health Part 2 - Assessment

Completed: Dec 6, 2022
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Professional Conduct and Ethics

Completed: Dec 1, 2022
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Exigent Circumstances 2021

Completed: Nov 28, 2022
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Mental Health Part 1 - Introduction

Completed: Nov 25, 2022
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Serving Those with Autism Spectrum Disorder- Part 4

Completed: Nov 25, 2022
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Duty to Intervene

Completed: Nov 21, 2022
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Integrating Communications, Assessment, and Tactics (I.C.A.T.)

Completed: Oct 25, 2022
Credits: 9
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

Serving Those with Autism Spectrum Disorder – Part 3

Completed: Oct 13, 2022
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Active Bystandership for Law Enforcement (A.B.L.E.)

Completed: May 5, 2022
Credits: 7
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2021 Use of Force Phase I

Completed: Mar 10, 2022
Credits: 3
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

Mobile Field Force

Completed: Mar 10, 2022
Credits: 4
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

Serving Those with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Part 2

Completed: Mar 1, 2022
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

2021 Annual Semi-Automatic Handgun Qualification

Completed: Feb 23, 2022
Credits: 1
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

Serving Those with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Part 1

Completed: Jan 5, 2022
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Policing Protests

Completed: Nov 30, 2021
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Persuasion and De-escalation

Completed: Sep 30, 2021
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Serving Those with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Completed: Aug 30, 2021
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

2021 Encrypted Radio Training, Multiple dates

Completed: Aug 9, 2021
Credits: 1
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

Use of Force Part 3: Readiness

Completed: Jul 29, 2021
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

2020 TASER Re-Certificationj

Completed: Jul 29, 2021
Credits: 2
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

Use of Force Part 2: Law and Principles

Completed: Jun 24, 2021
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Use of Force Part 1: Law and Principles

Completed: May 25, 2021
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

2021 Annual Semi-Automatic Handgun Qualification

Completed: Jan 27, 2021
Credits: 1
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2020 Use of Force Police Updates

Completed: Dec 14, 2020
Credits: 2
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2020 Shotgun Qualification Training

Completed: Nov 19, 2020
Credits: 1
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2020 TASER Re-Certificationj

Completed: Jul 29, 2020
Credits: 2
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2018 BRRT Certification Course

Completed: May 11, 2020
Credits: 40
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2020 Annual In-Serrvice Traininig Program, Phase I

Completed: Feb 20, 2020
Credits: 14
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2020 Annual In-Serrvice Traininig Program, Phase I

Completed: Feb 20, 2020
Credits: 14
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2020 Annual In-Serrvice Traininig Program, Phase I

Completed: Feb 19, 2020
Credits: 14
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2020 Annual Semi-Automatic Handgun Qualification and Gas Mask Fit Testing

Completed: Feb 6, 2020
Credits: 1
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

Warrantless Searches of Vehicles - 2017 Update

Completed: Jan 10, 2020
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Annual In-Service Training Program, Phase III

Completed: Dec 3, 2019
Credits: 14
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2019 Annual In-Service Training Course, Phase II

Completed: Jun 6, 2019
Credits: 14
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2019 Final Four Training Session

Completed: Mar 11, 2019
Credits: 3
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2019 In-Service Phase I

Completed: Mar 7, 2019
Credits: 14
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2019 In-Service Phase I

Completed: Mar 7, 2019
Credits: 7
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2019 In-Service Phase I

Completed: Mar 6, 2019
Credits: 7
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2019 Range Qualification and Gas Mask fit Testing

Completed: Jan 7, 2019
Credits: 1
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

2018 Procedural Justice/Narcan Training

Completed: Aug 16, 2018
Credits: 7
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

Law Enforcement Suicide Prevention Training of Trainers

Completed: Jun 4, 2018
Credits: 8
Sponsor: Leech Lake Tribal College - SP10099
Instructor: Leech Lake Tribal College

2018 PIMS-Patrol Trng

Completed: Apr 30, 2018
Credits: 21
Sponsor: Minneapolis Police Dept. - SP02711
Instructor: Minneapolis Police Dept.

Officer Safety Searches

Completed: Nov 17, 2017
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Juvenile Interrogations 2017

Completed: Oct 18, 2017
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Policing Protests

Completed: Sep 15, 2017
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

2017 Legislative Update

Completed: Aug 11, 2017
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Foot Pursuits

Completed: Jul 26, 2017
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Liability Issues in Emergency Vehicle and Pursuit Operations

Completed: Jun 28, 2017
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Readiness Aspects, Use of Force 2017

Completed: May 29, 2017
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Use of Deadly Force 2017

Completed: Apr 6, 2017
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Use of Force Legal Issues 2017

Completed: Mar 24, 2017
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Handcuffing 2016

Completed: Sep 22, 2016
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

2016 Legislative Update

Completed: Sep 22, 2016
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Readiness Aspects, Use of Force 2016

Completed: Sep 12, 2016
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Use of Force Legal Issues 2016

Completed: Sep 10, 2016
Credits: 1
Sponsor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (LMCIT)) - SP09631
Instructor: League Of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (Lmc)

Civil Cases

Cases connected through agency assignments.

Agencies

Known agency assignments linked to this profile.

Agency	Role	License	Start Date	End Date	Status
Minneapolis Police Dept.	Peace Officer	Peace Officer	Oct 2, 2015	Present	Active